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Abdominal Wall defects are a type of congenital defect that allows the stomach, the intestines, or other organs to protrude through an unusual opening that forms on the abdomen.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.healthofchildren.com/A/Abdominal-Wall-Defects.html#b )〕 During the development of the fetus, many unexpected changes occur inside of the womb. Specifically, the stomach, intestines, or other organs begin to develop outside of the fetus’ abdomen through the abnormal hole in the abdomen, and as development progresses, the abdominal wall eventually encloses these organs. In some cases of this defect, either the umbilical opening is too oversized or has developed improperly which allows the organs to remain outside or to squeeze through the abdominal wall.〔 There are two main types of abdominal wall defects that result due to the changes during development. They are omphalocele and gastroschisis. Gastroschisis develops when the abdominal wall does not completely close, and the organs are present outside of the infant’s body. Omphalocele occurs when some of the organs protrude through the muscles of the abdomen in the area surrounding the umbilical cord. Omphalocele can be either minor, with only some of the organs exposed, or severe, with most, if not all of the abdominal organs being exposed.〔 ==Cause and Symptoms== Out of all of the causes of birth defects, information about a great number is still unknown. As of 2004, the reason that abdominal wall defects occur has yet to be determined or understood. The symptoms that the mother may present that would indicate the development of the defect and unnoticeable .〔 Most cases of abdominal wall defects have been found to be sporadic and have no relationship with the history of the disorder within the family.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/abdominal-wall-defect )〕 The (EPA is aware ) that a common herbicide called Atrazine causes abdominal wall defects as well as other birth defects and cancer. Atrazine has been banned in the EU since 2004, yet is still commonly used in the US despite the evidence of harm. Atrazine affects the drinking water supply, most predominantly in the midwest. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention did (a study on the relationship between Atrazine and abdominal wall defects ): "Gastroschisis and omphalocele are congenital abdominal wall defects (AWD). Atrazine and nitrates are common agricultural fertilizers" and concluded: "Indiana has significantly higher rates of AWD (wall defects ) compared with national rates. Increased atrazine levels correlate with increased incidence of AWD." 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Abdominal wall defect」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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